A similar issue affects product categories of variations. Quite common is a scenario where a company defines different categories, variants or related items for each channel. Let’s imagine a company selling electrical goods, that operates the main e-shop, where products are in general categories (refrigerators, stoves, washing machines, ..), but another e-shop will be focused only on washing machines and the category tree will therefore want to have more detailed (washing machines with upper lid). More complicated are marketplaces and price comparators – there is often an obligation to use the category tree designed directly by the marketplace (e.g. Amazon or Heureka).